Triads

Various triads ---------team effort of prep4usmle users

#1

1. urinary incontinence

2. dementia

3. ataxia

normal pressure hydrocephalus

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1. confusion

2. ataxia

3. nyystagmus

wernicke's encephalopathy

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1.bilateral ankle arthiritis

( sometijmes knee, wrist , elbows)

2.bilateral hilar adenopathy

3.erythema nodosum
Lofgren?s syndrome--( acute sarcoidosis rather than chronic)

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1. Jaundice

2. Fever

3. RUQ Pain

Murphys triad (Cholangitis)

this is an overdone one but nevertheles

1. cant see

2. cant pee

3. cant climb a tree

( conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthiritis)

Reiter's syndrome

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Dizzines
Impaired hear
Tinnitus

Menniere synd

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1. flushing
2. valvular heart dz
3. diarrhoea

serotonin syndrome

Dysmennorrhoea
Dyspareunia
Dyschezia

Endometriosis

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Muffeled heart sounds
Hypotension
neck vein distension with clear lungs

Cardiac Tamponade

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hypoglycemia
central nervous system or vasomotor symptoms
relief of symptoms by oral or intravenous administration of glucose.

Whipple's triad

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dextrocardia (situs inversus)
bronchiectasis
sinusitis

Kartagener's triad

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stasis
abnormal epithelium
hypercoagulabil;ity

risk factors for thrombosis

Virchow's triad

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precocious puberty

-pigmentation(cafe au lait spots)

-polyostosis fibrous dysplasia

...McCune-albright syndrome...

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substernal burning pain with Odynophagia
shallow superficial ulceration
presence of Intracellular inculsion

CMV Esophagitis - t/t: IV Gancyclovir

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-hemolytic anaemia

-thrombocytopenia

-renal failure

HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME.

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Amenorrhoea
Hirsuit
Obesity

Polycystic ovarian disease
LH>>FSH
DHEA Increased

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Bone Pain
Renal failure - may be due to paraprotein = Bence Jones
Hypercalcemia

Multiple Myeloma

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posterior pharyngeal edema with fever
nuchal rigidity
cervical adenopathy

Retropharyngial abscess

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Stridor
Laryngeal tenderness
Respiratory distress

Epiglottitis

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Unilateral sore throat
neck pain ear ache
Dysphagia with swollen tonsils

Quinsy - Peritonsilar absecss
trismus is charactercstic of Quinsy

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Hypopituitrism
Headache
Bitemporal anopsia

Craniopharyngioma
benign tumor arising from Ratkhes pouch

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Marfan with Mental retardation
Thromboembolic event
Downward dislocation of lens

Homocystinuria

auto recess.- cystathione synt. deficiency
Rx- high dose Vit.B6

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In a newborn with failure to thrive:
Bilateral cataract
Jaundice
Hypoglycemia

Galactosemia

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Young male with :

Nasal Obstruction
Nasopharyngeal mass
Recurrent epistaxis

Juvenile Angiofibroma

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copied from post by seagull

Fat embolism = Bergman Triad

1. Petechiea in the upper part of the body

2. Dyspnea

3. Mental symptoms

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upper resp tract infection
lower resp tract infection
glomerulonephritis

WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS ( c-anca is specific)

note the two - gener's ( kartagener, wegener) have sinusitis

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Meckes Diverticulitis:Hematemesis+Melena+Rt lower Quadrant Pain

In a smoker:
Occulusive diesease of the arteries
Migratory superficial Thrombophlebitis
Raynauds phenomenon

Buergers disease

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Flank pain
hematuria
palpable abdominal mass
renal cell Carcinoma(only 10% of patients present like this.

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Increased ICP -

HTN
Bradycardia
Bradypnea

Cushing's triad

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Distended Bladder
Flaccid rectal sphincter
Perineal saddle anethesia

Cauda equina syndrome

surgical emergency- requires decompression

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copied from somewhere
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: symptom triad
"PET WASP":
Pyrogenic infections
Eczema
Thrombocytopenia
? WASP is the name of the causitive agent: Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein.
? Alternatively: Wiskott=Hot, Aldrich=Itch, Syndrom=Throm.

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Erythema Nodosum
Arthritis
Hilar adenopathy

Lofgren syndrome – Sarcoidosis

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Parotid enlargement
Uveitis
Facial palsy with fever

Heerfordt- Waldenstrom syndrome – Sarcoidosis

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1. urinary abnormalities ( hypoplastic kidneys, hydronephrosis, hydroureter)

2.deficiency of abdomianl wall muscles

3. undescended testes

Eagle-barret syndrome

another name for prune belly syndrome

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deafness
-heart defects
-cataracts
CONGENITAL RUBELLA

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Saint's triad:

1. Hiatus hernia

2. Diverticulosis

3. Cholelithiasis

Saint's triad doesn't "denote" anything. There is no pathophysiological relationship.It is merely a coexistence of gallstones, diverticulosis of the colon, and hiatus hernia. The patient presents with dyspepsia
___________________
One down, 3 to go...

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Hemobilia:

1. Jaundice
2. RUQ pain
3. Malaena ( GI bleeding )*

(*Puttin fever in place of malaena would make it Charcot's triad (cholangitis)

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CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS.
-chorioretnitis
-hydrocephalus
-intracranial calcification

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MEN I
-ant. pituitary tumor
-parathyroid tumor
-pancreatic tumor

MEN II
-parathyroid tumor
-medullary carcinoma of thyroid
-pheochromocytoma

MEN II b
-Pheochromocytoma
-Medulaary Ca of Thyroid
-Mucosal Neuroma

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URTI
LRTI
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

-WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS

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WILIMS. NEPHROPATHY, GENITAL ABNORMALITIES...
DENYS-DRASH SYNDROME

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Meig's Syndrome
1. Ovarian tumor (eg. benign fibroma)
2. Ascites
3. Right sided effusions (e.g. pleural effusion)

Symptoms are most commonly seen shortly after menopause.
Consists of chronic illness, chest pain, adn increased abdominal girth.
Fluid moves from the abdomen to the thorax through small diaphragmatic defects or via lymphatics.
***When suspected, an abdominal CT Scan and a pelvic exam should be performed.
***The removal of the ovarian tumor results in resolution of the effusion within 2-3 weeks

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